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Abdulhamid I
The sultan of Küçük Kaynarca and the loss of Crimea. The first surrender of a Muslim people to a Christian state was a heavy blow to the claim to the caliphate; the naval engineering school is his lasting legacy.
Open the reign of Abdulhamid I on the mapFamily
| Father | Ahmed III |
|---|---|
| Mother | Rabia Şermi Sultan |
| Consorts | Ayşe Sineperver Sultan, Nakşidil Sultan, Hümaşah Kadın, Ruhşah Kadın |
| Children | Mustafa IV, Mahmud II, Şehzade Abdullah, Esma Sultan |
Major achievements
- Enthroned after forty-nine years in the ‘cage’
- Founding of the Imperial Naval Engineering School (1775) — the first naval engineering school
- Fortification and artillery reforms with Cezayirli Hasan Pasha and Koca Yusuf Pasha
- Efforts to prevent the loss of Crimea after Küçük Kaynarca
Treaties
- Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774, Russia)
- Convention of Aynalıkavak (1779, Russia)
Grand viziers
| Name | From | To | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha | January 21, 1774 | July 7, 1775 | 1 year, 167 days |
| Yağlıkçızade Derviş Mehmed Pasha | July 7, 1775 | January 5, 1777 | 1 year, 182 days |
| Darendeli Cebecizade Mehmed Pasha | January 5, 1777 | September 1, 1778 | 1 year, 239 days |
| Kalafat Mehmed Pasha | September 1, 1778 | August 22, 1779 | |
| Silahdar Karavezir Seyyid Mehmed Pasha | August 22, 1779 | February 20, 1781 | |
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha (term 2) | February 20, 1781 | August 25, 1782 | |
| Yeğen Seyyid Mehmed Pasha | August 25, 1782 | December 31, 1782 | |
| Halil Hamid Pasha | December 31, 1782 | April 30, 1785 | |
| Hazinedar Şahin Ali Pasha | April 30, 1785 | January 25, 1786 | |
| Koca Yusuf Pasha | January 25, 1786 | May 28, 1789 |
Battles and treaties
| Year | Event | Result / parties |
|---|---|---|
| 1774 | Treaty: Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca | Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire |
| 1779 | Treaty: Convention of Aynalıkavak | Russian Empire, Ottoman Empire |
| 1783 | Event: Annexation of Crimea | Russian Empire |
Full infoboxes are in the site’s “Battles and Treaties” tab; source: English Wikipedia.
Death
He died of a brain haemorrhage in 1789 after hearing of the fall of Ochakiv fortress.
Territorial change
The lands that changed hands in this period, and the battles or treaties that brought the changes, can be seen on the map: map of the reign of Abdulhamid I.