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Osman I
Founder of the state
He turned a small frontier principality at Söğüt into a state. Exploiting the collapse of Byzantine power in Anatolia, he took Bithynia step by step and gave his name to a dynasty that would last six centuries.
Open the reign of Osman I on the mapFamily
| Father | Ertuğrul Gazi |
|---|---|
| Mother | Halime Hatun (disputed in the sources) |
| Consorts | Rabia Bala Hatun (daughter of Sheikh Edebali), Malhun Hatun |
| Children | Orhan, Alaeddin Ali, Çoban Bey, Melik Bey, Savcı Bey, Pazarlu Bey, Fatma Hatun (lists vary between sources) |
Major achievements
- Capture of Karacahisar, Yenişehir and Bilecik
- First pitched-battle victory over Byzantium at Bapheus (1302)
- Coins minted in his own name, proclaiming independence
- Siege of Bursa begun
- The frontier principality given the order of a state; the first judges and military governors appointed
Treaties
None recorded.
Grand viziers
| Name | From | To | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alâüddin Pasha | 1320 | 1324 | 3-4 years |
Battles and treaties
| Year | Event | Result / parties |
|---|---|---|
| 1302 | Battle: Bapheus | Ottoman victory |
Full infoboxes are in the site’s “Battles and Treaties” tab; source: English Wikipedia.
Death
He died of natural causes in 1324 while the siege of Bursa was still under way, and was buried in the Gümüşlü Kümbet in Bursa. Some sources give 1326 as the year of his death.
Territorial change
The lands that changed hands in this period, and the battles or treaties that brought the changes, can be seen on the map: map of the reign of Osman I.