When did Damascus become Ottoman?

Chronology

1. 1516
   Became Ottoman

   With the defeat of the Mamluk sultan Qansuh al-Ghuri at Marj Dabiq the city passed to the Ottomans.

   Sultan: Selim I
2. 1521
   Note

   After the revolt of Canbirdi Gazali was crushed the city was firmly under Ottoman rule.

   Sultan: Suleiman I
3. 1771
   Note

   Abu al-Dhahab of Egypt took the city on 8 June 1771 but left ten days later.

   Sultan: Mustafa III
4. 1832
   Left Ottoman rule

   The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha took the city without resistance in June 1832.

   Sultan: Mahmud II
5. 1840
   Became Ottoman

   The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.

   Sultan: Abdulmejid I
6. 1918
   Left Ottoman rule

   The Ottomans withdrew at the end of September 1918; on 1 October Australian units of the British army entered the city.

   Sultan: Mehmed VI

How the total is counted: years of actual Ottoman rule are added up. Temporary occupations shorter than a year (that were reversed) are not subtracted; they appear as notes in the chronology.

In the atlas

On the atlas map the city lies in the region “Syria–Lebanon (Aleppo–Damascus)”. Map colours work at region level, so the city's own dates may differ from the region's by a few years.

Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, “ŞAM” (Turkish); text written for the atlas.