When did Alexandria become Ottoman?

Chronology

1. 1517
   Became Ottoman

   Thirty-six days after Tumanbay's execution, when Cafer Bey's fleet arrived, the city came under Ottoman rule on 19 May 1517.

   Sultan: Selim I
2. 1798
   Left Ottoman rule

   On 30 June 1798 the French besieged and took the city.

   Sultan: Selim III
3. 1801
   Became Ottoman

   Having lost their fleet at Abukir, the French abandoned the city under pressure from Köse Mustafa Pasha.

   Sultan: Selim III
4. 1807
   Note

   A British fleet held the city briefly and withdrew on 19 September 1807.

   Sultan: Mustafa IV
5. 1882
   Left Ottoman rule

   Using the Urabi revolt as pretext, the British bombarded and occupied the city on 11 July 1882.

   Sultan: Abdulhamid II

How the total is counted: years of actual Ottoman rule are added up. Temporary occupations shorter than a year (that were reversed) are not subtracted; they appear as notes in the chronology.

In the atlas

On the atlas map the city lies in the region “Egypt”. Map colours work at region level, so the city's own dates may differ from the region's by a few years.

Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, “İSKENDERİYE” (Turkish); text written for the atlas.