TRENDEFRARAtlas of the Sultans · Cities and countries

When was Syria under Ottoman rule?

4 cities

The lands of today's Syria passed under Ottoman rule after the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516 and remained Ottoman for four centuries, until 1918.

After the defeat of the Mamluk army at Marj Dabiq, Aleppo and Damascus came under Ottoman rule in 1516. Damascus kept its importance as the gathering point of the pilgrim caravans, and Aleppo became one of the great cities of the eastern trade. The region left the Ottoman state at the end of the First World War, in 1918.

First Ottoman year1516Last Ottoman year1918Longest Ottoman period316 years
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AleppoAleppoDamascusDamascusHamaHamaHoms Open the map in 1516

Cities in this country

Chronology

  1. 1516
    Became Ottoman · Aleppo

    After Selim I's victory at Marj Dabiq (24 August) the city came under Ottoman rule on 28 August 1516.

  2. 1516
    Became Ottoman · Damascus

    With the defeat of the Mamluk sultan Qansuh al-Ghuri at Marj Dabiq the city passed to the Ottomans.

  3. 1516
    Became Ottoman · Hama

    During Selim I's Syrian-Egyptian campaign the city came under Ottoman rule on 19 September 1516.

  4. 1516
    Became Ottoman · Homs

    It came under Ottoman rule right after Hama during Selim I's Syrian-Egyptian campaign.

  5. 1521
    Note · Damascus

    After the revolt of Canbirdi Gazali was crushed the city was firmly under Ottoman rule.

  6. 1771
    Note · Damascus

    Abu al-Dhahab of Egypt took the city on 8 June 1771 but left ten days later.

  7. 1832
    Left Ottoman rule · Aleppo

    Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt occupied the city; Aleppo stayed under Muhammad Ali until 1840.

  8. 1832
    Left Ottoman rule · Damascus

    The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha took the city without resistance in June 1832.

  9. 1832
    Left Ottoman rule · Hama

    The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali, occupied Syria; the city stayed under Egyptian rule until 1840.

  10. 1832
    Left Ottoman rule · Homs

    The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali, occupied Syria; the city stayed under Egyptian rule until 1840.

  11. 1840
    Became Ottoman · Aleppo

    The city returned to Ottoman administration.

  12. 1840
    Became Ottoman · Damascus

    The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.

  13. 1840
    Became Ottoman · Hama

    The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.

  14. 1840
    Became Ottoman · Homs

    The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.

  15. 1918
    Left Ottoman rule · Aleppo

    In October 1918 the Ottoman forces withdrew; the city passed first to Arab and then to British forces.

  16. 1918
    Left Ottoman rule · Damascus

    The Ottomans withdrew at the end of September 1918; on 1 October Australian units of the British army entered the city.

  17. 1918
    Left Ottoman rule · Hama

    At the end of the First World War the Ottoman forces withdrew from Syria in October 1918.

  18. 1918
    Left Ottoman rule · Homs

    At the end of the First World War the Ottoman forces withdrew from Syria in October 1918.

Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, article “SURİYE” (in Turkish) and the atlas's city pages. Present-day borders are used.