TRENDEFRARAtlas of the Sultans · Cities and countries
4 cities
The lands of today's Palestine and Israel were under Ottoman rule for four centuries, from 1516 to the First World War.
The region came under Ottoman rule after the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516; under Süleyman the walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt in their present form. Jerusalem, Gaza, Jaffa and Acre were the main Ottoman cities of the region. The region was taken by the British army in 1917–1918; Jerusalem surrendered in December 1917.
After Marj Dabiq the city probably came under Ottoman rule in October 1516, before the sultan arrived.
After Marj Dabiq it came under Ottoman rule with the rest of Syria.
After the Battle of Marj Dabiq it came under Ottoman rule with the whole of Syria.
With the Ottoman conquest of Egypt Mamluk rule ended and the city became Ottoman.
After fierce resistance the city, struck by famine, surrendered to Ali Bey of Egypt in February 1773.
Incited by Russia, Sheikh Zahir al-Umar rebelled and seized Jerusalem, Jaffa, Nablus and Gaza.
The city, which the rebel Zahir al-Umar had made his base, returned to Ottoman control in 1775 and was given to Cezzar Ahmed Pasha.
After Abu al-Dhahab eliminated Ali Bey the city was freed from occupation.
Napoleon Bonaparte besieged the city from 18 March 1799 but failed and withdrew.
Napoleon occupied the city; 4,000 prisoners were shot on the beach.
It passed under the rule of Muhammad Ali of Egypt.
In November 1831 Muhammad Ali sent his son Ibrahim Pasha against Gaza; the city passed under Egyptian rule.
The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali, occupied Syria; the city stayed under Egyptian rule until 1840.
The Egyptian army of Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali, occupied Syria; the city stayed under Egyptian rule until 1840.
Ottoman rule returned; from 1872 the city was a separate district reporting directly to Istanbul.
The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.
The Egyptian forces withdrew and the city returned to Ottoman rule.
Ibrahim Pasha had to return to Cairo and the region came back under Ottoman rule.
In December 1917 the British entered the city, ending some four centuries of Ottoman rule.
British forces entered the city on 16 November 1917.
General Allenby took the city; 400 years of Ottoman rule in Palestine (1517–1917) came to an end.
Acre was occupied by the British in 1918.
Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, article “FİLİSTİN” (in Turkish) and the atlas's city pages. Present-day borders are used.