TRENDEFRARAtlas of the Sultans · Cities and countries
2 cities
Egypt passed under Ottoman rule with the fall of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1517; it gained wide autonomy in the 19th century and came under de facto British control after 1882.
Selim I defeated the Mamluk army at Ridaniya in 1517 and entered Cairo; Egypt became one of the richest Ottoman provinces. Muhammad Ali Pasha, governor from 1805, and his descendants ruled Egypt with wide autonomy; the governors received the title of khedive in 1867. Britain occupied the country in 1882; legally Egypt remained part of the Ottoman state until 1914.
After his victory at Ridaniya Selim I took Egypt and Cairo in January 1517, ending the Mamluk Sultanate.
Thirty-six days after Tumanbay's execution, when Cafer Bey's fleet arrived, the city came under Ottoman rule on 19 May 1517.
Napoleon Bonaparte occupied Egypt.
On 30 June 1798 the French besieged and took the city.
The French left Egypt; after the turmoil of 1801–1805 the country came under Muhammad Ali.
Having lost their fleet at Abukir, the French abandoned the city under pressure from Köse Mustafa Pasha.
A British fleet held the city briefly and withdrew on 19 September 1807.
Britain occupied Egypt; Ottoman sovereignty survived only on paper until 1914.
Using the Urabi revolt as pretext, the British bombarded and occupied the city on 11 July 1882.
Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, article “MISIR” (in Turkish) and the atlas's city pages. Present-day borders are used.