TRENDEAtlas of the Sultans · Wars, battles and treaties
Treaty · 1921
The Treaty of Kars was a treaty that established the borders between Turkey and the three Transcaucasian Soviet republics, which are now the independent republics of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. The treaty was signed in the city of Kars on 13 October 1921. Signatories of the Treaty of Kars included representatives from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which would declare the Republic of Turkey in 1923, and from the Armenian, Azerbaijani and Georgian Socialist Soviet Republics with the participation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The last four parties would become constituent parts of the Soviet Union after the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War and the December 1922 Union Treaty.
| Type | Peace treaty |
|---|---|
| Signed | 13 October 1921 |
| Place of signing | Kars, Turkey |
| Parties | Turkey (Ankara government), Soviet Caucasian republics |
The Treaty of Kars reaffirmed the terms of the earlier Treaty of Moscow concluded in 1921 between the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and Soviet Russia. It defined the boundaries between the new Turkish Republic and all three Transcaucasian republics. The treaty provided for the territory of the former Imperial Russian Batum oblast to be divided. The southern half of the former oblast, largely corresponding to the Artvin okrug with the city of Artvin, would be annexed to Turkey. The northern half, largely corresponding to the Batum okrug with the strategic port city of Batum, would become part of Soviet Georgia as the Adjar ASSR (today Adjara).
Took place during the reign of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1923–1938). Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
The atlas records this territorial change for the year:
Text: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0), adapted for the atlas.