TRENDEAtlas of the Sultans · Wars, battles and treaties
Revolt · 1909
Named after the date 31 March 1325 in the Rumi calendar (13 April 1909), the uprising arose as a reaction to the frequent interference in government of the Committee of Union and Progress, the strongest political organisation after the Young Turk Revolution, and to its broken promises. On the night of 12–13 April soldiers of the 4th Rifle Battalion rose demanding the sharia and locked up their officers; with other units they gathered in Hagia Sophia Square before the parliament. The Army of Action, formed from units of the Second and Third Armies in Macedonia, reached Yeşilköy on 19 April and took full control of the city on 24 April; those held responsible were executed. Holding the sultan responsible as well, parliament deposed Abdülhamid II on 27 April and placed Mehmed V Reşad on the throne.
| Date | 13 – 27 April 1909 |
|---|---|
| Location | Istanbul |
| Result | The Army of Action from Salonica took Istanbul (24 April); parliament deposed Abdülhamid II and enthroned Mehmed V Reşad (27 April 1909) |
| Belligerents | Committee of Union and Progress and the Army of Action | Mutinous soldiers and opponents of the CUP |
|---|---|---|
| Commanders | Mahmud Şevket Pasha Hüseyin Hüsnü Pasha |
Took place during the reign of Abdulhamid II (1876–1909). Abdulhamid II
Open the reign of Abdulhamid II on the mapBy the atlas's calculation the Ottoman lands covered about 2,996,000 km² in 1909; at the start of Abdulhamid II's reign they measured 4,123,000 km², at its end 2,996,000 km².
During Abdulhamid II (1876–1909) the atlas records 0 regions gained and 19 regions lost.
Regions lost: Wallachia (1877), Moldavia (1877), Morava Serbia (Niš–Kruševac) (1877), Smederevo–Šumadija (1877), Belgrade–Šabac (1877), Northern Dobruja (Constanța–Tulcea) (1877), Kars–Ardahan–Artvin (1877), Montenegro (1878), and 11 more.
His thirty-three-year reign saw both the greatest territorial loss and the most intensive investment in schools, railways and the telegraph. Proclaiming and then suspending the constitution, rule through a centralised intelligence network and the cost of the 1877–78 war make him the most controversial sultan in Ottoman history.
Areas are land area computed from the atlas's region data; see Method and sources.
Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, “Otuzbir Mart Vak'ası” (Turkish); text written for the atlas.